Pessimism: a state of mind in which one anticipates undesirable outcomes or believes that the evil or hardships in life outweigh the good or luxuries.
Although Candide is a very optimistic person he encounters moments when the positive thoughts are over powered by the negativity of pessimism. He encounters a man on the ground missing a hand and a leg andhe is over-whelmed by the scene and the reason the mans limbs are missing. Candide explains that Pangloss' idea of optimism is bad and he begins to explain the definition of optimism to Cacambo saying "Alas!...it is the madns of maintaining that everything is right when it is wrong."
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